The Paris Agreement is a landmark international accord signed in 2015, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and combatting climate change. It has been ratified by 189 countries and the European Union, making it one of the most widely accepted global agreements in history. But which countries are actually involved in the Paris Agreement?

Firstly, it’s important to note that the Paris Agreement was negotiated under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This means that all 197 member states of the UN are technically involved in the Agreement. However, not all countries have signed or ratified the Agreement yet.

As of January 2021, the following countries have signed and ratified the Paris Agreement: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d`Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People`s Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People`s Democratic Republic, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United Republic of Tanzania, United States of America, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

In addition to these countries, two countries have signed but not yet ratified the Paris Agreement: Angola and Eritrea.

It is worth noting that the United States, one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases, withdrew from the Paris Agreement in 2020 under the Trump administration. However, President Biden has since stated that the US will rejoin the Agreement, making it one of the few countries to have signed, withdrawn, and re-signed the agreement.

In conclusion, the Paris Agreement involves nearly every country in the world, with 189 countries and the European Union having signed and ratified it. Two additional countries have signed but not yet ratified the Agreement, and one country (the US) has withdrawn but plans to rejoin. This significant level of global cooperation and commitment to fighting climate change is a positive sign for the future of our planet.